BY DIGMA ZUBAIRU, NOVEMBER 19, 2025 | 08:54 AM
The Borno Model of non-kinetic deradicalization has earned global recognition for its humane and pragmatic approach to ending violent extremism. Many repentant Boko Haram members have shown genuine willingness to acquire skills, build livelihoods, and reintegrate peacefully into their communities. This progress demonstrates the model’s success in reducing hostility and promoting long-term stability.
However, new challenges are emerging. As Nigeria approaches a change in administration, many repentants fear that support to them may end. This uncertainty could push some individuals back to the bush, threatening the gains already achieved.
An additional concern is the growing trend of insurgents surrendering to Niger Republic, where they reportedly receive more attractive incentives, such as tricycles, compared to the limited financial support offered in Nigeria. This disparity may encourage opportunistic or insincere surrenders, raising risks of cross-border exploitation.
If Niger permits these individuals to form camps, it could result in criminal activities along the border, with insurgents using Niger as a safe retreat after committing crimes in Nigeria.
To safeguard progress, Nigeria must sustain the Borno Model across administrations, enhance economic opportunities for repentants, and strengthen cooperation with Niger to prevent cross-border security manipulation. Ensuring continuity and trust is essential to making peace irreversible.
Recommendations
a) Ensure continuity of the Borno Model regardless of political transitions.
b) Secure multi-year funding and create a legal framework for the program.
a) Scale up vocational tools, agricultural support, and income-generating projects.
b) Align empowerment incentives with regional standards to reduce cross-border exploitation.
a) Develop a joint verification mechanism for repentants.
b) Prevent the formation of camps that can serve as operational bases.
c) Establish coordinated border monitoring and intelligence sharing.
a) Differentiate genuinely repentant individuals from opportunistic ones.
b) Conduct routine community consultations to reinforce trust.
Conclusion
The Borno Model has proven effective, but its sustainability depends on deliberate government action. By ensuring program continuity, addressing economic gaps, and strengthening regional cooperation, Nigeria can consolidate peace and prevent a resurgence of violent extremism.
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